Multi-domain vertical alignment (MVA)Multi-domain vertical alignment was originally developed in 1998 by Fujitsu as a compromise between TN and IPS.It achieved pixel response which was fast for its time, wide viewing angles, and high contrast at the cost of brightness and color reproduction. Modern MVA panels can offer wide viewing angles (second only to S-IPS technology), good black depth, good color reproduction and depth, and fast response times due to the use of RTC (Response Time Compensation) technologies. When MVA panels are viewed off-perpendicular, colors will shift, but much less than for TN panels.
There are several "next-generation" technologies based on MVA, including AU Optronics' P-MVA and A-MVA, as well as Chi Mei Optoelectronics' S-MVA. Analysts[who?] predicted that MVA would dominate the mainstream market, but the less expensive and slightly faster TN overtook it. The pixel response times of MVAs rise dramatically with small changes in brightness. Less expensive MVA panels can use dithering and FRC (Frame Rate Control).