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标题: 市售105款名牌电源的详细测试和对比 [打印本页]

作者: flight 时间: 2007-5-8 22:35
Also, since the power supply found on the PC have five different outputs (+12 V, +5 V, + 5 VSB, +3.3 V and –12 V) you would need to connect five multimeters to the power supply at the same time, and publications using this methodology usually use only one, measuring the outputs in different moments in time, making the results worthless, since they were taken in different moments, with different conditions (load, temperature, etc). Even if you connected five multimeters, you would need to read them at the same time. We don’t know any human being able to read five instruments at the same time and write down the values at the same time. Even if you are really fast, you will take some seconds to make this measurement. As we already mentioned, things inside the PC power supply happens in microseconds, so seconds make a huge difference.

One way to use the above methodology correctly is by using a device to grab the value of all five outputs at the same time, like a digital data collector. The problem is that we would measure the voltages, which, once again, mean nothing. One way to make a correct power supply test using this approach is by measuring the current (and not the voltage) of the five outputs at the same time using a data collector, if you add a correct load to the power supply. In fact, this methodology is the one suggested by one engineer at Intel and can work out if you have the right equipment. We will describe this idea on the next page.

Another problem regarding the use of regular multimeters is precision. We cannot guarantee the precision of low-cost multimeters. If you add five multimeters, we cannot guarantee if the multimeters are calibrated among them, showing the exact same results when measuring the same thing.

Load Testing
The second major problem with almost all PSU reviews around is the use of an inadequate load.

Some websites will use a regular PC on their PSU review. The problem is that high-end power supplies nowadays can deliver at least 600 W and a regular PC is not able to pull all this power. Even if you use a very high-end PC with two CPUs, several hard disk drives and even four video cards, you won’t be able to say how much power you are pulling at a given moment and you also won’t be able to say up to how much power you were able to pull from the power supply, since you are not using any measurement device.

A methodology some publications use is setting up a passive load, by connecting the power supply to a series of wire resistors. With this approach you can say how much current and thus power the power supply is delivering by applying ohm’s law (I = V / R or P = V^2 / R), as the voltage and resistance are known. Even though this is an interesting idea, there are some problems with this approach as well. First, you will need to build a resistor net for each output to be used at the same time (we’ve seen some publications adding a resistor net to only one of the power supply’s output or to all outputs but at different moments, not at the same time). Second, you can see some smoke coming from the resistors, as they will heat a lot and they can burn (some publications will add a fan over the resistors). Third, this is a passive load test and computers are dynamic systems, meaning that they can pull a lot of power at one moment and then reduce the power consumption some seconds later and then increase the power consumption again after some more seconds. With a passive load like this you also won’t be able to measure automatically several important features like efficiency and protections.

One word about efficiency. Efficiency is the relation between how much DC power the power supply is being able to deliver and how much AC power it is pulling from the power grid to deliver it. With the above methodology this can be calculated if you add an AC power meter to the power supply AC input. As you will have the amount of DC power the power supply is delivering and the amount of AC power the power supply is pulling from the power grid, efficiency will be given by the formula DC power / AC power.

The best way to review power supplies is using an active load tester, like Chroma 8000. This machine will accurately measure the maximum current and power a power supply is capable of delivering and is also able to measure several other parameters and features, like all power supply protections. The only problem with this tool is that it costs almost USD 50,000.

There are some load testers on the market that internally have just a series of wire resistors, so the commentaries about resistor load are also valid for such machines.

We mentioned the methodology suggested by one engineer from Intel, Andrew Watts. His approach is to add a current sensor to each power supply output and connecting them to a digital oscilloscope and to a data collector, then connecting the data collector to a PC running monitoring software. This is a very interesting approach, however the problem with this methodology is that you still need a PC to generate the system load. If you want to take a better look on this methodology – which can be cheaper than buying a Chroma machine –, click here to download a PDF presentation about it. We are also showing below some pictures of the board created by Andrew to connect the current sensors between the power supply and the PC (the BNC connectors are used to connect the digital oscilloscope) and also some pictures of the system assembled and running.

Notice that the oscilloscope and the computer connected to the data collector is measuring the current consumed by the PC (and thus power, thru the formula P = V x I), not the power supply voltages.

click to enlarge
Figure 1: Board with current sensors.

click to enlarge
Figure 2: Board connected between the power supply and the PC used as load.

click to enlarge
Figure 3: Data collector, digital multimeter and digital oscilloscope.

click to enlarge
Figure 4: Software running (it is measuring the power consumption).

As you can see on Figure 4, the software can tell the power consumption for each output, the total power consumption and also the power supply efficiency.

Conclusions
We have a motto here on Hardware Secrets: if we can’t do something correctly, we prefer not doing it at all. Between publishing a lousy review and not publishing it at all, we prefer not publishing it. That is why we do not “review” power supplies: what we do here is to disassemble power supplies and make an in-depth analysis of the components and project used, as you can see visiting our Power Section. We are saving money to buy a Chroma machine, and we hope to buy one soon. As soon as we buy one, we will start publishing “real” reviews, together with the in-depth analysis we already do.

We hope you have learned to detect a good power supply review, and you will be amazed in noting that almost all reviewing websites are using wrong methodologies that really tell us nothing about the power supply real power capabilities. Even worse, some websites are recommending bad power supplies based on flawed methodologies.

If you are a reviewer, don’t get us wrong. Our purpose here is to educate both users and reviewers, so you now have a better knowledge on power supplies and have learned what you should not do. One suggestion? Instead of calling your articles as “reviews” call them something else, like “First Impressions”, “First Look”, etc, if you are not using a real load tester.

We should point out that there are some websites doing a terrific job on power supply reviews. SPCR (SilentPCReview), for example, goes one step further, adding a variable AC power supply, which allows them to simulate different power grid configurations – not only to check if the power supply can really operate under the range stated by the manufacturer (e.g. 90 V – 240 V) but it also simulate spikes and noise on the power grid. They also use a load tester (even though is a simpler model compared to Chroma 8000).

Other websites worth mentioning are Xbitlabs, which created their own active load for testing PSUs, Planet3Dnow, a German website that owns a Chroma 6330 machine and also used a Chroma 8800 in some reviews, and JonnyGuru, that also uses a load tester (a Sunmoon SM-8800). There are more websites around using a load tester, these are the ones I am most familiar with.

[ 本帖最后由 flight 于 2007-5-10 22:08 编辑 ]

作者: flight 时间: 2007-5-8 22:35
12V 输出分析：

待机状态下的 12V 波动（单位为 V）
[attach]741107[/attach]

测试开始和结束时候的 12V 输出差别（单位为 V）

[attach]741108[/attach]

不同状态下的功耗测试：

核心电压 1.3875V  闲置状态的功耗
[attach]741148[/attach]
核心电压 1.475V  闲置状态的功耗
[attach]741150[/attach]
核心电压 1.575V  闲置状态的功耗
[attach]741151[/attach]
核心电压 1.3875V  满载状态的功耗
[attach]741152[/attach]
核心电压 1.475V 满载状态的功耗
[attach]741153[/attach]
核心电压 1.575V 满载状态的功耗
[attach]741154[/attach]
核心电压 1.3875V + 2 GPU 满载状态的功耗
[attach]741155[/attach]
核心电压 1.475V + 2 GPU 满载状态的功耗
[attach]741156[/attach]
核心电压 1.575V + 2 GPU 满载状态的功耗
[attach]741157[/attach]

噪声测试：

核心电压 1.3875V  闲置状态：
[attach]741158[/attach]
核心电压 1.3875V  非超频状态：
[attach]741159[/attach]

核心电压 1.575V + 2 GPU 超频状态：

[attach]741161[/attach]

[ 本帖最后由 flight 于 2007-5-9 03:18 编辑 ]

作者: flight 时间: 2007-5-8 22:35
测试结论：

最佳非模块化电源：

Akasa Power80+ 500 watts
Antec Trio 650 watts
Seasonic S12 500 watts
Seasonic S12 600 watts
Seasonic S12 Energy+ 650 watts
Silverstone ST40EF 400 watts
Silverstone ST50EF Plus 500 watts

最佳模块化电源：

Antec Neo HE 550 watts
Corsair HX-620 620 watts
Enermax Infinity 720 watts
Nexus NX-8040 400 watts
Seasonic M12 500 watts

最佳静音（无风扇）电源：

Fortron Zen 400 Watts

最佳大功率电源：

Cooler Master Real Power Pro 850 Watts
Silverstone Strider ST75F 750 Watts

最佳性价比电源：

Antec Earthwatts 500 Watts
Antec Neo HE 430 Watts
Be Calm Straight Power 400 Watts
Fortron Green 400 Watts, starting
Fortron Blue Storm II 500 Watts

尽量避免购买的电源：

Aikuo BF430 (LEGP) (12cm)
Aikuo GF560 (GP) (14cm)
LC Power LC6550G V2.0
LC Power LC6550GP V2.0
Tacens Radix 410 Watts SMART
Levicom Visible Power XP 450 W

在中国大陆可以买到的牌子里面，你的选择是....... ？？

[ 本帖最后由 flight 于 2007-5-9 03:36 编辑 ]

作者: bk1018 时间: 2007-5-8 22:41
你想占多少位啊？

作者: helene 时间: 2007-5-8 23:02
105款名牌电源w00t) w00t) :funk: :funk: :funk:

作者: 京广线 时间: 2007-5-8 23:06
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作者: qiumd 时间: 2007-5-8 23:35
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作者: flight 时间: 2007-5-8 23:47

原帖由 qiumd 于 2007-5-8 23:35 发表
不就是老边贴出的这个链接吗？？
http://we.pcinlife.com/thread-760396-1-1.html
史上最强之高端电源测评（总计105款）
http://www.matbe.com/articles/li ... -105-alimentations/

是的，没想到被抢先了，拖了很久才有时间搞

作者: pjb99668 时间: 2007-5-9 08:59
总结来说,就国内能买到的品牌,就是买Antec,Seasonic海韵,Fortron全汉,Silverstone银欣的东西

没想到康舒没排进去啊

作者: kkbwb 时间: 2007-5-9 12:44
国内有3C 这个在所以很多好的品牌不会进来的

作者: God 时间: 2007-5-9 12:54
这100多个电源搬来搬去也快累死了哈

作者: jiangnux 时间: 2007-5-9 13:04
尽量避免的那个LC的两个电源是andyson做的还是huntkey做的啊:funk:

作者: wylxn 时间: 2007-5-9 16:46
看来绿宝还可以啊~

作者: FAE 时间: 2007-5-9 17:34
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作者: rooivalk 时间: 2007-5-9 17:42
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作者: lujie1806 时间: 2007-5-10 16:39
海韵我喜欢:loveliness:

作者: fragile 时间: 2007-5-10 17:34
评测可信度有多高......

作者: breaf 时间: 2007-5-10 17:58
:) 谢谢,辛苦了!

作者: yuuto 时间: 2007-5-10 18:00
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作者: breaf 时间: 2007-5-10 18:09
:p 我来吧,给点奖励吧!:devil:

作者: 掉渣王 时间: 2007-5-10 18:22
好贴,收了
航嘉榜上有名啊~~:lol:

作者: icecola 时间: 2007-5-10 18:44
没有台达～有没有七盟～

不全面～ :unsure: :unsure:

作者: ×卡米× 时间: 2007-5-11 11:23
还不算很不全面，但支持！:lol:

作者: POP88_88 时间: 2007-5-13 22:52
看来模块化的就没有便宜的说

作者: lhw56 时间: 2007-5-14 11:42
我的P4的用航嘉冷钻1.3的 ... 昨天才去换挂第2个硬盘一亮就暗...
而且最近出现很大声的啸叫声 ... 应该是功率不够才这样 ....
:devil: BS下航嘉...

作者: wkent 时间: 2007-5-14 15:27
我的海韵S12 650W 也在最佳之列，呵呵。

作者: wl-liao 时间: 2007-5-17 20:59

原帖由 wkent 于 2007-5-14 15:27 发表
我的海韵S12 650W 也在最佳之列，呵呵。

我的也是海韵S12 650W ，我很欣慰啊。

作者: im_frey 时间: 2007-5-20 14:49
是不是ANTEC电源温度很高啊？貌似看到有XD用了后，机箱温度升高了5度哦

作者: lokimawen 时间: 2007-5-23 10:06
我的海韵也在里面啊,luckly

作者: yuuto 时间: 2007-5-28 19:20
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作者: Allko 时间: 2007-5-28 19:31
都不认识啊,怎么买勒

作者: wolfly 时间: 2007-5-28 19:38
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作者: 好运一条龙 时间: 2007-5-29 09:54
标题: 翻译
并且, 因为电源被发现在个人计算机有五不同产品(+12 V, +5 V, + 5 VSB, +3.3 V 和-12 V) 您会需要同时连接五个多用电表到电源, 并且出版物使用这方法学通常使用只一, 测量产品用不同的片刻及时, 使结果不值得, 因为他们被采取了用不同的片刻, 用不同的情况(装载、温度, 等) 。既使您连接了五个多用电表, 您会需要同时读他们。我们不知道任何人能同时读五台仪器和同时写下价值。既使您是真正地快速的, 您将需要不少秒钟做这次测量。如同我们已经提及了, 事在个人计算机电源里面发生在微秒, 因此秒钟产生巨大的变化。单程使用上述方法学正确地是由使用设备同时劫掠所有五产品的价值, 象一位数字资料收藏家。问题是, 我们会测量电压, 再次, 意味没什么。单程做一个正确电源测试使用这种方法是由同时测量潮流(和不是电压) 五产品使用数据收集装置, 如果您增加正确装载来电源。实际上, 这方法学是那个由一位工程师建议在英特尔, 可能解决如果您有正确的设备。我们将描述这个想法在下页。其它问题关于对规则多用电表的用途是精确度。我们无法保证便宜的多用电表精确度。如果您增加五个多用电表, 我们无法保证如果多用电表被校准在他们之中, 显示确切同样结果当测量同样事。装载测试有几乎所有PSU 回顾的第二个重大问题是对不充分的装载的用途。一些网站将使用一台规则个人计算机在他们的PSU 回顾。问题是, 高端电源可能现今交付至少600 W 并且一台规则个人计算机不能拉扯所有这力量。既使您使用一台非常高端个人计算机与二CPUs, 几个硬盘驱动器和平衡四个显示卡, 您不会能说多少力量您拉扯在指定的片刻并且您还不会能说由多少力量决定您能拉扯从电源, 因为您不使用任何测量设备。方法学一些出版物用途设定被动装载, 由连接电源到一系列的导线电阻器。以这种方法您能说多少潮流和因而供给电源动力交付由运用欧姆的法律(I = V/R 或P = V^2/R), 如同电压和抵抗为人所知。即使这是一个有趣的想法, 有有这种方法的一些问题。首先, 您将需要建立电阻器网使各产品同时被使用(我们看一些出版物不同时增加电阻器网来只一个电源的产品或来所有产品但在不同的片刻) 。其次, 您能看一些烟来自电阻器, 因为他们将加热很多并且他们能烧(一些出版物将增加一台风扇在电阻器) 。第三, 这是一个被动装载测试并且计算机是动力系统, 意味他们能拉扯很多力量在一片刻和然后减少电力消费一些几秒后和再然后增加电力消费在有些秒钟以后。以被动装载象这样您还不会能自动地测量几个重要特点象效率和保护。一个词关于效率。效率是联系在多少直流电功率之间电源能提供并且多少交流电能它拉扯从力量栅格提供它。以上述方法学这可能被计算如果您增加交流电能米来电源AC 输入。因为您将有相当数量电源提供和的直流电功率相当数量电源拉扯从力量栅格的交流电能, 效率将由惯例直流电功率/交流电能测量。最佳的方式回顾电源使用一个活跃装载测试器, 象色度8000 。这个机器准确地将测量最大潮流并且供给电源动力是能交付和还能测量几个其它参量和特点, 象所有电源保护。有这个工具的唯一的问题是, 它几乎花费USD 50,000 。有内部有正义一系列的导线电阻器的一些装载测试器在市场上, 因此评论关于电阻器装载是还合法的为这样机器。我们提及了方法学由一位工程师建议从英特尔,安德鲁瓦特。他的方法将增加一个当前的传感器来各电源输出和连接他们到一台数字式示波器和到数据收集装置, 然后连接数据收集装置到个人计算机连续监视软件。这是一种非常有趣的方法, 然而有这方法学的问题是您仍然需要个人计算机引起系统负载。如果您想要看一看更好的在比买可能便宜色度机器- 的这方法学-, 点击这里下载一个PDF 介绍对此。我们并且显示在一些委员会之下的图片由安德鲁创造连接当前的传感器在电源和个人计算机(BNC 连接器被使用连接数字式示波器) 并且并且一些系统装配和跑之间的图片。注意, 示波器和计算机被连接到数据收集装置测量潮流由个人计算机消耗(和因而供给动力, 通过惯例P = V x I), 不是电源电压。点击扩大图1: 委员会与当前的传感器。点击扩大图2: 委员会连接了在电源和个人计算机之间被使用作为装载。点击扩大图3: 数据收集装置、数字式多用电表和数字式示波器。点击扩大图4: 软件赛跑(它测量电力消费) 。如同您能看在图4, 软件可能告诉电力消费为各产品, 总电力消费和并且电源效率。结论我们有一个座右铭这里在硬件秘密: 如果我们无法正确地做某事, 我们喜欢不做它根本。在出版糟糕的回顾和不出版它之间根本, 我们喜欢不出版它。所以我们"不回顾" 电源: 什么我们这里将拆卸电源和做详细分析组分和射出使用, 如同您能看查阅我们的力量部分。我们是挽救金钱买色度机器, 并且我们希望很快买一。当我们买一, 我们将开始出版"真正的" 回顾, 与我们已经的详细分析一起。我们希望您学会查出好电源回顾, 并且您将惊奇在注意到, 几乎所有回顾的网站使用真正地告诉我们没什么关于电源真正的力量能力的错误方法学。更坏, 一些网站推荐坏电源根据有缺陷的方法学。如果您是评论者, 不要得到我们错误。我们的目的这里将教育用户和评论者, 因此您有更好的知识在电源和现在学会了什么您不应该做。一个建议? 而不是叫您的文章作为"回顾" 称他们其他, 象"第一次印刷", "第一神色", 等, 如果您不使用一个真正的装载测试器。我们应该指出, 有一些网站做一个妙极工作在电源回顾。SPCR (SilentPCReview), 例如, 去更加进一步,增加一个易变的AC 电源, 给他们模仿不同的力量栅格配置- 不仅检查如果电源可能真正地经营在范围之下由制造者(即90 V 陈述- 240 V) 但它并且模仿钉和噪声在力量栅格。他们并且使用装载测试器(即使是一个更加简单的模型与色度8000 比较) 。其它网站值得提及是Xbitlabs, 创造他们自己的活跃装载为测试PSUs, Planet3Dnow, 拥有色度6330 机器和并且使用色度8800 在一些回顾的德国网站, 并且JonnyGuru, 并且使用装载测试器(Sunmoon SM-8800) 。有更多网站在使用装载测试器附近, 这些是那个我通晓。

Other websites worth mentioning are Xbitlabs, which created their own active load for testing PSUs, Planet3Dnow, a German website that owns a Chroma 6330 machine and also used a Chroma 8800 in some reviews, and JonnyGuru, that also uses a load tester (a Sunmoon SM-8800). There are more websites around using a load tester, these are the ones I am most familiar with.

作者: andsky 时间: 2007-6-2 18:45
:funk: 这样的贴好

作者: 周生生 时间: 2007-6-2 20:11
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作者: 发烧飞箭 时间: 2007-6-3 11:25
反正我是非康舒、台达、全汉不买~~~~~~~

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